Who typically acts as the Investigator-In-Charge (IIC) on-site during a civil aircraft mishap investigation?

• A. A local law enforcement officer.
• B. The lead investigator from the NTSB, or an authorized designee.
• C. An airline safety director.
• D. A third-party consultant.

Answer: (B)

On-site leadership of a civil aircraft mishap investigation comes from the National Transportation Safety Board, with the lead investigator from the NTSB taking charge. If the lead isn’t available, an authorized designee from the NTSB fills that role. This ensures the investigation is conducted impartially and under consistent procedures, with one person responsible for directing field activities, safeguarding evidence, and coordinating with other agencies. The IIC oversees activities at the crash site, decides on access and safety measures, and guides data collection like witness interviews, photographs, and evidence such as flight data recorders. Local law enforcement, airline safety personnel, and consultants may participate in support roles, but they do not assume the responsibility of leading the investigation.